Tithi (Lunar Day)

Tithi represents the lunar day in the Hindu calendar, calculated based on the Moon's angular distance from the Sun. There are 30 Tithis in a lunar month, divided into two Pakshas (fortnights) - Shukla Paksha (waxing moon) and Krishna Paksha (waning moon). Each Tithi has specific auspicious qualities for different activities. For example, Ekadashi is considered ideal for fasting and spiritual practices, while Pratipada is good for new beginnings.

Nakshatra (Lunar Constellation)

Nakshatra refers to the 27 divisions of the zodiac, each spanning 13°20'. The Moon spends approximately one day in each Nakshatra. Different Nakshatras have different ruling deities and qualities, making them more or less favorable for specific activities. For instance, Rohini Nakshatra is considered highly auspicious for weddings and new beginnings, while Ashlesha is best avoided for auspicious events.

Yoga (Auspicious Combination)

Yoga is calculated based on the combined angular relationship between the Sun and Moon. There are 27 Yogas in Vedic astrology, each with unique characteristics. Some Yogas like Siddhi and Ayushman are highly auspicious, while others like Vyatipata and Vaidhriti should be avoided for important activities.

Karana (Half-Tithi)

Karana is half of a Tithi, with 11 Karanas repeating in a lunar month (except for 4 fixed Karanas). Each Karana lasts approximately 6 hours and influences the success of various activities. Bava, Balava, Kaulava, Taitila, and Garaja are considered auspicious, while Vishti (Bhadra) Karana should be avoided for important work.

Inauspicious Periods to Avoid

Apart from the five main elements, Panchang also identifies certain periods each day that should be avoided for auspicious activities:

• Rahu Kaal: A 90-minute inauspicious period that occurs daily at different times based on the day of the week. No new ventures or important activities should be started during this time.
• Yamaganda: Another inauspicious period associated with the deity Yama (God of Death). Like Rahu Kaal, its timing varies by day of the week.
• Gulika Kaal: An inauspicious period ruled by Gulika, considered the son of Saturn. Starting new activities during this time is not recommended.

How to Use Panchang for Important Decisions

Consult the Panchang before planning any significant event:

• Check the Tithi for overall auspiciousness - avoid Rikta Tithis (4th, 9th, 14th) for new beginnings
• Verify the Nakshatra is favorable for your specific activity
• Ensure your chosen time doesn't overlap with Rahu Kaal, Yamaganda, or Gulika Kaal
• Consider both the Yoga and Karana for maximum auspiciousness

Why Choose Muhuratam for Your Panchang?

Muhuratam provides the most accurate, location-specific Panchang calculations for cities across India and worldwide. Our astronomical calculations account for your exact geographic coordinates and timezone, ensuring precise timing for all auspicious activities. Download theMuhuratam Android appfor daily notifications and offline access.